2 Samuel 12:13

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And David said unto Nathan, I have sinned against the LORD. And Nathan said unto David, The LORD also hath put away thy sin; thou shalt not die.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר said H559
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
דָּוִ֗ד And David H1732
דָּוִ֗ד And David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 2 of 16
david, the youngest son of jesse
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 16
near, with or among; often in general, to
נָתָ֜ן And Nathan H5416
נָתָ֜ן And Nathan
Strong's: H5416
Word #: 4 of 16
nathan, the name of five israelites
חָטָ֖אתִי I have sinned H2398
חָטָ֖אתִי I have sinned
Strong's: H2398
Word #: 5 of 16
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
יְהוָ֛ה The LORD H3068
יְהוָ֛ה The LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 6 of 16
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר said H559
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 7 of 16
to say (used with great latitude)
נָתָ֜ן And Nathan H5416
נָתָ֜ן And Nathan
Strong's: H5416
Word #: 8 of 16
nathan, the name of five israelites
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 9 of 16
near, with or among; often in general, to
דָּוִ֗ד And David H1732
דָּוִ֗ד And David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 10 of 16
david, the youngest son of jesse
גַּם H1571
גַּם
Strong's: H1571
Word #: 11 of 16
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
יְהוָ֛ה The LORD H3068
יְהוָ֛ה The LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 12 of 16
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
הֶֽעֱבִ֥יר also hath put away H5674
הֶֽעֱבִ֥יר also hath put away
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 13 of 16
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
חַטָּֽאתְךָ֖ thy sin H2403
חַטָּֽאתְךָ֖ thy sin
Strong's: H2403
Word #: 14 of 16
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
לֹ֥א H3808
לֹ֥א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 15 of 16
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תָמֽוּת׃ thou shalt not die H4191
תָמֽוּת׃ thou shalt not die
Strong's: H4191
Word #: 16 of 16
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

Cross References

2 Samuel 24:10And David's heart smote him after that he had numbered the people. And David said unto the LORD, I have sinned greatly in that I have done: and now, I beseech thee, O LORD, take away the iniquity of thy servant; for I have done very foolishly.Psalms 51:4Against thee, thee only, have I sinned, and done this evil in thy sight: that thou mightest be justified when thou speakest, and be clear when thou judgest.Proverbs 28:13He that covereth his sins shall not prosper: but whoso confesseth and forsaketh them shall have mercy.Zechariah 3:4And he answered and spake unto those that stood before him, saying, Take away the filthy garments from him. And unto him he said, Behold, I have caused thine iniquity to pass from thee, and I will clothe thee with change of raiment.Luke 15:21And the son said unto him, Father, I have sinned against heaven, and in thy sight, and am no more worthy to be called thy son.Leviticus 20:10And the man that committeth adultery with another man's wife, even he that committeth adultery with his neighbour's wife, the adulterer and the adulteress shall surely be put to death.1 Samuel 15:30Then he said, I have sinned: yet honour me now, I pray thee, before the elders of my people, and before Israel, and turn again with me, that I may worship the LORD thy God.Revelation 1:5And from Jesus Christ, who is the faithful witness, and the first begotten of the dead, and the prince of the kings of the earth. Unto him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in his own blood,Hebrews 9:26For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.Isaiah 43:24Thou hast bought me no sweet cane with money, neither hast thou filled me with the fat of thy sacrifices: but thou hast made me to serve with thy sins, thou hast wearied me with thine iniquities.

Analysis & Commentary

And David said unto Nathan, I have sinned against the LORD. And Nathan said unto David, The LORD also hath put away thy sin; thou shalt not die.

This verse contributes to the narrative of Nathan's Rebuke, emphasizing conviction, repentance, consequences. Nathan's prophetic confrontation using parable demonstrates effective rebuke methodology. David's immediate repentance ("I have sinned against the LORD") contrasts with Saul's defensive self-justification. The child's death demonstrates that forgiveness doesn't eliminate all consequences. Theological themes include God's hatred of sin, the necessity of repentance, the distinction between eternal and temporal consequences, and God's grace that continues despite devastating sin.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 12 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding conviction, repentance, consequences provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources

Bible Stories